CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
Background to the study
Extra lessons were used mainly to boost learners` grades in the different subjects they were enrolled in Bray (2009). Learners who had received private lessons had double the chance of attaining higher grades than their counterparts, who had not received private lessons in the parallel system (Hamid, 2009). Extensive use of extra lessons paved the way for better performance in school work in Japan and indeed elsewhere especially in selected school subjects (Bray, 2009; Howrie, 2015; Mogari et al., 2009). There were positive effects of extra lessons on subjects such as Mathematics Jacob and Lefgren (2012). In the Republic of Korea, a study found a positive correlation between financial expenditures and academic performance (Sohn et al., 2020). Those who spent more on their children`s education through extra lessons were mostly to benefit more on their investment (Sohn et al., 2020). A survey by Silova and Bray (2006) in Azerbaijan, Georgia, Mongolia and Ukraine, established that 60% of the respondents in Azerbaijan and over 50% of the respondents in Georgia indicated that extra lessons were the only way to get high quality education.
However, it has also been established that extra lessons are not always effective in raising academic achievement (Baker and Le Tendre, 2005; Cheo and Quah, 2005; Ireson and Rushforth, 2005) and in some schools, learners commonly skip classes or sleep through lessons because they are tired after excessive external study. This means that the activities, such as extra lessons, can make regular schooling less efficient and lower the educational attainment of learners (Bray and Lykins, 2012). Too much work for the children makes them to get tired and do not benefit from the extra lessons. In India, Yasmeen (2009) established that as a result of attending extra lessons, classroom attention tended to dwindle and the learners who were involved in the extra lessons created disciplinary problems. Yasmeen (2009) and Cheo and Quah (2005) conclude that the old adage, “the more the better” in terms of extra lessons does not match reality, and that diminishing returns set in rapidly when “over-investment in the child” takes place.
Statement of the problem
The goal of extending the designated study hour for pupils is to help them improve their grades. Some schools offer it for free to cover the plan of work, particularly for pupils studying for public exams (Bray, 2015). Students pay fees at certain schools and in all courses, especially in private institutions. Aside from extracurricular activities at school, other sorts of instruction, with the exception of those offered on a volunteer basis, charge money. The researcher intends to determine the impact of additional lessons on academic success of primary school children against the backdrop of the proliferation of private lesson centers and a growing trend of parental and student interest
Objective of the study
the main objective of this study is to Assess of the impact of additional teaching lesson on the educational outcome of primary school students
1. Measure the extent to which additional teaching lessons contribute to improved academic performance
2. Investigate the teaching methods used during the additional lessons and assess their impact on student engagement, comprehension, and skill development.
3. Assess the level of parental involvement and support for students attending the extra lessons, and determine its impact on student outcomes
4. Analyze the impact of providing additional lessons on teachers' workload, job satisfaction, and professional development opportunities
Research questions
The following research questions were raised to guide the study
1. To what extent does additional teaching lessons contribute improved students academic performance?
2. Does teaching methods used during the additional lessons have impact on student engagement, comprehension, and skill development?
3. Does level of parental involvement and support for students attending the extra lessons have impact on student outcomes?
4. What are the impact of providing additional lessons on teachers' workload, job satisfaction, and professional development opportunities?
Significant of the study
The significance of a study on the impact of additional lessons on students' performance extends to various stakeholders, including teachers, parents, policymakers, and researchers. Here's how each group can benefit from such a study:
Teachers can gain insights into the effectiveness of different teaching methods and strategies, allowing them to tailor their instruction to better meet the needs of their students. Also Parents can make informed decisions about whether to provide additional lessons or support for their children based on research findings.
The research can contribute to the body of knowledge on education and teaching effectiveness, furthering the understanding of how additional lessons impact student performance.
Also, a study on the impact of additional lessons on student performance is significant because it has the potential to improve teaching practices, inform parental decisions, guide policymaking, and contribute to the academic literature. Ultimately, the goal is to enhance the educational experience and outcomes for students, which benefits not only the individual learners but also society as a whole.
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